Oregon trail 2 guide5/22/2023 The Organic Act of the Oregon Territory (1843) granted 640 acres (a square mile, 2.56 km²) of free homestead land per couple in the vast Oregon Territory, which covered what is now Washington state, Oregon, Idaho and parts of Wyoming and Montana. Nearly a thousand settlers crossed the Rocky Mountains in that single year. The first known mountain passes were barely adequate for a horse and rider.Īs better routes were found, wagon trails gradually were built westward, laying the groundwork for the Great Migration of 1843. The "mountain men" and fur traders who travelled upstream in the early 19th century were few. ![]() ![]() The Louisiana Purchase and the Lewis and Clark Expedition opened the Northwest for white settlement, and marked the beginning of the Wild West era.
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